[C++] Update xsimd version

[AntoinePrv]

Describe the enhancement requested

The builds are using a mix of pinned xsimd 13 and unpined (14), however these two version have different API.

Update xsimd to 14.0.0 to benefit from latest developments.
Also required to keep a recent version we want to use it for CPU feature detection as discussed in GH-45331.

Alternatively (in case we cannot upgrade right now), pin all build to <14.0.

Component(s)

C++

[kou]

Is it difficult to support both of xsimd 13 and 14? (In general, I want to use system libraries as much as possible for deb/RPM packages.)
What incompatible API changes are affected in Apache Arrow?

[AntoinePrv]

@kou right now we support both, but new PRs such as GH-48765 backport some performance improvements that were merged in xsimd. Future work may also backport some more code. On top of this, GH-45331 may require us to add some CPU detection feature to xsimd, which won't be much use if we cannot use them.

xsimd being a private header only dependency, there is not much to to be gained from using the system one.

[kou]

I can understand your motivation. "I want to use system libraries as much as possible for deb/RPM packages" is not a strong requirement. I just want to understand the current situation.

new PRs such as GH-48765 backport some performance improvements that were merged in xsimd.

Is GH-48765 correct PR? It seems that it just requires xsimd 14.0.0 and doesn't backport anything.

On top of this, GH-45331 may require us to add some CPU detection feature to xsimd, which won't be much use if we cannot use them.

Does xsimd 14.0.0 already have enough features for GH-45331? Or xsimd 15.0.0? or something will add features for GH-45331?

[AntoinePrv]

new PRs such as GH-48765 backport some performance improvements that were merged in xsimd.

Is GH-48765 correct PR? It seems that it just requires xsimd 14.0.0 and doesn't backport anything.

Sorry, wrong PR, I meant GH-47994

On top of this, GH-45331 may require us to add some CPU detection feature to xsimd, which won't be much use if we cannot use them.

Does xsimd 14.0.0 already have enough features for GH-45331? Or xsimd 15.0.0? or something will add features for GH-45331?

Partially, it has the SIMD micro architecture detection but other features such as BMI2, cache lines... should be added too.
It is being tracked in xtensor-stack/xsimd#1245 (current status is that is was only discussed offline).

[kou]

Thanks.

Sorry, wrong PR, I meant #47994

We can simplify GH-47994 with xsimd 14.0.0, right?

It is being tracked in xtensor-stack/xsimd#1245 (current status is that is was only discussed offline).

I see the current status.

[AntoinePrv]

We can simplify GH-47994 with xsimd 14.0.0, right?

About a 100 lines of code, yes

[kou]

OK. Let's require xsimd 14.0.0 or later.

[AntoinePrv]

Xsimd 14.0 was just merged in conan center and Mysys2.